This is Tim: Q2 2022 financial call transcript
Every quarter, Apple CEO Tim Cook and Apple CFO Luca Maestri make statements and take questions from financial analysts on a conference call. This is the transcript of the call for April 28, 2022.
Tim Cook’s opening remarks
Thank you Tejas. Good afternoon, everyone. And thank you for joining us today. Apple is proud to report another record quarter with a March quarter revenue record of $97.3 billion, up 9% from a year ago and better than we anticipated. iPhone, Mac, and Wearables, Home and Accessories had their best-ever March quarter, and services set an all-time record on the strength of subscription growth over the past year.
Before I get into details, I want to take a moment to acknowledge the humanitarian tragedy unfolding in Ukraine. We’re continuing to do everything we can to support our teams in the region, and we are donating to humanitarian efforts on the ground. We’ve also committed to donating products, to support refugees arriving here in the United States.
I also want to speak to the unpredictable nature of the pandemic. We are excited to be welcoming employees back to the offices in the U.S. and Europe. At the same time, we are monitoring COVID related disruptions in China. Our thoughts are with all those in the path of the virus, and we remain as committed as ever to doing our part to help protect people and their communities.
These times remind us that we cannot know what the future may hold, but they remind us too, that technology infused with humanity makes a real difference in the world. And that’s where our focus has remained—on driving the innovations that can enrich people’s lives.
Throughout the quarter, Apple continued its streak of unparalleled innovation at an unmatched pace. With Apple Silicon, our teams are pushing the limits of what we once thought possible, and we are seeing leaps and bounds and performance and efficiency. Last month, we announced another breakthrough with M1 Ultra, the world’s most powerful chip for a personal computer. The incredible customer response to our M1-powered Macs helped propel a 15% year over year increase in revenue, despite supply constraints. We now have our most powerful Mac lineup ever, with the addition of the entirely new Mac Studio. Paired with a new Studio Display, a 5k resolution display equipped with its own A13 bionic chip, this new desktop and display transform any workspace into a creative powerhouse.
As we released the groundbreaking M1 Ultra, we also expanded our iPhone offerings, adding two beautiful green finishes to the iPhone 13 lineup and introducing the new 5G enabled iPhone SE, which is great for our existing users who want a smaller iPhone, and a great value for people buying an iPhone for the first time. They love how much power and performance we’ve injected into such an affordable device and rave about its incredible camera and its lightning fast speeds. In the March quarter, iPhone revenue grew 5% over the previous year, despite a challenging compare, as we saw strong demand from our customers for the iPhone 13 family.
And with the all new iPad Air supercharged by M1, iPad brings more power and more versatility across the entire iPad lineup. For customers around the world, iPad continues to be essential for education, creativity, and entertainment. That’s why we’re continuing to see such a strong demand for iPad, even while navigating the significant supply constraint we predicted at the start of the quarter.
Turning to Wearables, Home and Accessories, we are pleased to see these products continue to delight our users, growing 12% year over year. Customers are enthusiastically taking charge of their health with Apple Watch Series 7 and Apple Watch SE. The rich sound, beautiful colors and compact design of HomePod mini continue to make it a hit with customers. And there’s still no better companion to Apple Music than AirPods, with spatial audio that transforms the way we listen, putting our customers right in the center of the music.
The seamless integration of hardware, software and services is at the center of our work and philosophy at Apple. Apple services are designed to be easy to use, with expert curation that brings our users compelling content from talented developers, creators, storytellers, and artists. These principles are reflected in all of the services we’ve developed, which continue to generate incredible enthusiasm from our customers. Services revenue rose to $19.8 billion in the March quarter, reflecting a 17% increase from a year ago. We were especially excited to cheer on “CODA” as it won the Academy award for Best Picture, making Apple TV+ the first streaming service to win in this category. We were honored to be stewards of this incredibly powerful, deeply moving film. In a little over two years, Apple TV+ shows and movies have earned over 240 awards and more than 960 nominations. From Severance to We Crashed to Pachinko, new Apple originals are connecting with audiences and earning praise from critics. We’re also winning over sports fans with Friday Night Baseball, which debuted earlier this month, and They Call Me Magic, a four-part documentary that premiered last week, tracing the life of the iconic Magic Johnson.
Fitness+ is helping users channel their inner athlete with a range of workout routines for any fitness level. We recently introduced a postpartum routine designed by mothers for mothers. And with our Apple heart and movement study, we are helping researchers glean new insights into cardiovascular fitness.
As our products and services entertain customers and help them stay healthy, we’re also working to make their lives easier. Arizona, for example, is the first state to enable its citizens to securely add their drivers license and state IDs to Apple Wallet. More states and the territory of Puerto Rico will soon follow. We’ve also announced plans to introduce, tap to pay on iPhone, a simple and secure way for businesses to accept contactless payments, launching across the U.S. Later this year. To meet the needs of customers wherever they are, our Apple retail teams are constantly adapting to better serve them. We opened a new store in the United Arab Emirates this quarter at a unique waterfront location with panoramic views of the Abu Dhabi skyline. And earlier this month, we opened a new store in Korea, our third and largest store in the heart of Seoul. And across the U.S., we marked the return of in-person Today at Apple sessions with a special program, featuring music from pop icon Lady Gaga. I’d like to thank our team members working in Apple stores, customer care centers, channel partner stores, and our AppleCare teams for bringing customers the best of Apple.
As we look to the environment, we are making good progress on our commitment to achieve carbon neutrality across our products and supply chain by 2030. Through our green bonds program, we’re investing in breakthrough technologies like low-carbon aluminum, which we will be integrating into the new iPhone SE. And we were pleased to announce recently that we’ve nearly doubled the number of our top suppliers who have committed to accelerating the transition to clean energy. We are also investing in renewable energy projects in communities most impacted by climate change around the world.
As we do our part to protect our planet, we’re also prioritizing people. As part of our longstanding commitment to inclusion and diversity, we’re continuing to build a better, stronger Apple, rooted in a culture where everyone belongs. Last month, we published an update on the progress we’ve made with inclusion and diversity at Apple. We’ve hired more women than ever into leadership roles. And in the U.S., nearly 60% of all leadership openings were filled by people from underrepresented communities in 2021. We also recently announced a 50 million supplier employee development fund that will help workers in our supply chain discover additional educational opportunities and build new skills. And through our racial equity and justice initiative, we’re continuing to advance our work to support underrepresented communities and help build a more just and equitable world.
Before I hand it over to Luca, I want to acknowledge the challenges we are seeing from supply chain disruptions driven by both COVID and silicon shortages to the devastation from the war in Ukraine. We are not immune to these challenges, but we have great confidence in our teams, in our products and services, and in our strategy. Fundamentally, our work is about making technology that enriches people’s lives and unlocks the full creative potential of humanity. And though the twists and turns of the future may be uncertain, what is certain is that we will never stop striving to be a force for good in the world in everything we do and everything we are. With that, I’ll turn it over to Luca.
Luca Maestri’s opening remarks
Thank you, Tim and good afternoon everyone. We are pleased to report very strong financial results for the March quarter, during which we set a revenue record of $97.3 billion, up 9% year over year. We also set new March quarter records in the Americas, in Europe, and in Greater China. On the product side, revenue was $77.5 billion, up 7% over a year ago, and a March quarter record. We grew in each of our product categories except iPad, which remained significantly supply constrained throughout the quarter. And we set March quarter records for iPhone, Mac, and Wearables, Home and Accessories. This level of sales performance combined with unmatched customer satisfaction and loyalty helped our installed base of active devices reach an all time high for all major product categories, as well as geographic segments. Our Services set an all time revenue record of $19.8 billion up 17% over a year ago, with March quarter records in every geographic segment and services category.
Company gross margin was 43.7%, down 10 basis points from last quarter. A seasonal loss of leverage and unfavorable foreign exchange were partially offset by favorable mix. Products gross margin was 36.4%, down 200 basis points sequentially, mainly driven by seasonal loss of leverage and FX. Services gross margin was 72.6%, up 20 basis points sequentially, due to a different mix. Operating cash flow of $28.2 billion, net income of $25 billion, and diluted earnings per share of $1.52 were all March quarter records.
These strong March quarter results capped a record first half of the fiscal year in the midst of a challenging macroeconomic environment. We generated over $220 billion in revenue, growing 10% year over year, and set all time records for iPhone, Mac, Wearables, Home and Accessories, and Services. These record sales results drove strong double digit growth in operating income and earnings per share.
Let me now get into more detail for each of our revenue categories during the March quarter.
iPhone revenue grew 5% year over year to a March quarter record of $50.6 billion despite supply constraints, thanks to a continued strong customer response to our iPhone 13 family and the launch of our new iPhone SE. We set March quarter records in both developed and emerging markets, and the latest survey of U.S. Consumers from 451 Research indicates iPhone customer satisfaction of 99% for the iPhone 13 family. As a result of this level of sales performance, combined with unmatched customer loyalty, the iPhone active installed base reached a new all-time high across all geographies
For Mac, revenue of $10.4 billion was a March quarter record despite supply constraints, with 15% year over year growth driven by strong demand for our M1 powered MacBook Pro. As Tim mentioned earlier, our continued innovation and investment in Apple silicon has clearly shown in our Mac results, as the last seven quarters have been the best seven quarters ever for Mac. Our investment focus on Mac has also helped drive significant activity in our growing install base. In fact, we had a March quarter record for upgraders, while at the same time, nearly half of the customers purchasing a Mac were new to the product.
iPad revenue was $7.6 billion down 2% year over year due to continued supply constraints. Customer response to our iPad lineup, including our new M1-powered iPad Air, remains very strong, and our installed base of iPads reach a new all time high during the quarter, with over half of the customers purchasing an iPad during the quarter being new to the product.
Wearables, Home and Accessories set a March quarter record of $8.8 billion, up 12 percent year over year. And we set March quarter revenue records in both developed and emerging markets. In particular, our wearables business has doubled in three years and is nearly the size of a Fortune 100 business, as we continue to attract many customers who are new to wearables. For instance, Apple Watch continues to extend its reach with over two thirds of customers purchasing an Apple Watch during the quarter being new to the product,
Turning to Services, as I mentioned, we reached an all time revenue record of $19.8 billion, up 17%, with all time records for the App Store, music, cloud services and AppleCare, and March quarter records for video, advertising, and payment services. These impressive results reflect the impact of our continued investment in improving and expanding our services portfolio and the positive momentum that we are seeing on many fronts. First, our install base has continued to grow, reaching an all time high across each geographic segment and major product category. Next, we continue to see increased customer engagement with our services. Our transacting accounts, paid accounts, and accounts with paid subscriptions, all reached all time highs during the March quarter in every geographic segment. Also, paid subscriptions continue to show very strong growth. We now have more than 825 million paid subscriptions across the services on our platform, which is up more than 165 million during the last 12 months alone.
And finally, as Tim highlighted before, we continue to improve the breadth and the quality of our current service offerings while launching new services. In the enterprise market, many businesses and government organizations continue to turn to Apple for the latest technologies to deliver innovative services to customers and employees. In March, Alaska Airlines began to replace the conventional airport self-service kiosks with iPad Pros for faster passenger check-in and self bag drop. Also last month, the Western Australia police force completed the world’s first commercial deployment of CarPlay across their entire fleet of vehicles to complement the iPhone 13s issued to each officer. This allows officers to access critical information faster on the road and enhance public safety for the community. We also unveiled the general availability of Apple Business Essentials in the U.S., adding a new subscription service designed to help small businesses manage every aspect of their Apple device lifecycle.
Let me now turn to our cash position. As we continue to generate very strong cash flow, we ended the quarter with $193 billion in cash and marketable securities. We repaid $3.8 billion in maturing debt while increasing commercial paper by $2 billion, leaving us with total debt of $120 billion. As a result, net cash was $73 billion at the end of the quarter. We returned nearly $27 billion to shareholders during the March quarter. This included $3.6 billion in dividends and equivalents and $22.9 billion through open market repurchases of 137 million Apple shares. We also retired an additional 5 million shares in the final settlement of our 18th ASR. Given the continued confidence we have in our business now and into the future, today our board has authorized an additional 90 billion for share repurchases, as we maintain our goal of getting to net cash neutral over time. We’re also raising our dividend by 5% to 23 cents a share, and we continue to plan for annual increases in the dividend going forward.
As we move ahead into the June quarter, I’d like to review our outlook, which includes the types of forward looking information that Tejas referred at the beginning of the call. Given the continued uncertainty around the world in the near term, we are not providing revenue guidance, but we are sharing some directional insights based on the assumption that the COVID related impacts to our business do not worsen from what we are projecting today for the current quarter.
We believe our year over year revenue performance during the June quarter will be impacted by a number of factors. Supply constraints caused by COVID-related disruptions and industry-wide silicon shortages are impacting our ability to meet customer demand for our products. We expect these constraints to be in the range of four to eight billion dollars, which is substantially larger than what we experienced during the March quarter. The COVID related disruptions are also having some impact on customer demand in China.
With respect to foreign exchange, We expect it to be a nearly three hundred hundred standard basis point headwind to our year over year growth rate. Additionally, we paused all sales in Russia during the March quarter. This will impact our year over growth rate by approximately 150 basis points. Specifically related to services, we expect to continue to grow double digits, but decelerate from our March quarter performance due to some of the factors I just described. We expect gross margin to be between 42% and 43%. We expect OpEx to be between $12.7 billion and $12.9 billion. We expect OI&E to be around negative 100 million, excluding any potential impact from the mark to market of minority investments, and our tax rate to be around 16%.
Finally, reflecting the dividend increase I mentioned earlier, today our board of directors has declared a cash dividend of 23 cents per share of common stock payable on May 12th, 2022 to shareholders of record as of May 9th, 2022. With that, let’s open the call to questions.
Analyst Q&A
Katy Huberty, Morgan Stanley: A couple of macro related questions, just given everything that’s going on in the market. The first is on how you’re thinking about consumer spending. As we see more stock market volatility, rising interest rates, inflation… what metrics are you watching, either internal to your business, or external at the macro level, to understand whether you’ll ultimately start to see some demand impact, particularly on the product side of your business?
Tim Cook: Katy, hi, it’s Tim. Uh, we’re obviously monitoring our daily sales very closely. From an inflation point of view, we are seeing inflation. It was evident in our gross margin last quarter and in our OPEX last quarter. And it is assumed in the guidance that Luca gave for this quarter as well. So we’re definitely seeing some level of inflation that I think everybody is seeing.
Katy Huberty, Morgan Stanley: And how are you thinking about how that might impact the consumers in your business and whether it influences their ability to purchase at the same level?
Tim Cook: Well, we’re monitoring that closely, but right now our main focus, frankly speaking, is on the supply side.
Katy Huberty, Morgan Stanley Okay. And as it relates to that in China, how should we think about lockdowns from an impact on supply and an impact on demand and what products in your portfolio should we expect to be most impacted?
Tim Cook: Yeah. Good question. For Q2, so the quarter that we just finished, the restrictions in China had not started yet. And so Q2, we did have supply constraints. They were significantly lower than what we had experienced during the December quarter. They were driven by industrywide silicon shortages, specifically the issue that I’ve talked about on previous calls with the legacy nodes. But looking ahead, we see two causes of supply constraints. One is the COVID related disruptions, and there’s the industry-wide silicon shortages that will continue. We’ve estimated the constraints to be in the range of 4 to 8 billion. And these constraints are primarily centered around the Shanghai corridor. And on a positive front, almost all of the affected final assembly factories have now restarted. And so the four to eight range reflects various ramps of getting back up and running. We’re also encouraged that the COVID case count that’s been reported in Shanghai has decreased over the last few days. And so there’s some reason for optimism there.
Katy Huberty, Morgan Stanley Thank you. Pretty amazing how the team has navigated all the cross currents. Congrats again on the quarter.
Tim Cook: Thanks so much.
Amit Daryanani, Evercore: First off, I was hoping you just touch a little bit on the geographic growth vectors that you saw. And I think Americas grew really well, 19, 20%, but Europe and China had much more muted growth if you may. I know your compares are fairly difficult, but I’m curious if anything you would call out in terms of spill-over effect on the macro side from Russia, Ukraine and Europe that’s seeing some impact to consumer spend, or even in China, just helpful to understand what happened geographically there.
Luca Maestri: As you said, in the Americas, we had a very strong quarter, up 19%, you know, very, very happy across the board there. Europe, again was a really good quarter for us. We grew 5% in spite of the fact that, of course, as you know, during the month of March, we paused our sales in Russia. So we had an impact to our sales results there for a month of the quarter. But a number of European countries, particularly in Western Europe, did, really, really well, for us. And so it was a very good quarter for us, pretty much in line with our expectations. Americas was better than our expectations. China was again a March quarter record for us. Keep in mind, and this affected every geographic segment for us, the different launch timing for the iPhone this year versus a year ago had an impact on the March quarter results, because we launched the product later a year ago than we did this year, so some of the channel fill for the new products happened during the March quarter a year ago. Japan and Asia Pacific were affected by foreign exchange. Japan, would’ve grown in line with company average in constant currency terms, Asia Pacific as well was affected by foreign exchange with the dollar appreciating against most currencies. And then again, this difference in the launch timing for the iPhone made a difference. Keep in mind again the supply constraints that we had during the quarter. Our results would’ve been obviously better without the supply constraints. Overall, we felt very good about the performance around the world.
Amit Daryanani, Evercore: If I could just follow up on the supply chain, the $4 billion to $8 billion impact that you folks talked about. Do you think this is demand that’s deferred out or demand that’s essentially destroyed because you have your product cycle that’s gonna come out, you know, at some point soon this year. How do you think about demand deferred versus demand destroyed on that front? And is there a sense of which product categories are most impacted by this versus not?
Tim Cook: It will affect most of the product categories. And in terms of whether it’s we can recapture or not, we believe that there’s a percentage of it that is recapturable and a percentage of it that is likely not, where somebody needs something quickly. And that ratio or that percentage is very difficult to estimate. We obviously try to do that internally in order to demand plan, but it’s not something that we share.
Chris Caso, Raymond James: Just wanted to dig in on the supply constraints a bit. One of the things you said is that the 4 to 8 billion range reflects some reopening of facilities during the quarter. I know obviously it’s tough to predict as you go forward into the second half of launch of new products, but at that point, would you expect the constraints to still be mainly on the component side? And then hopefully if things don’t get worse in China, then the facilities are open and the constraints are only the component constraints as you go into the second half of the year.
Tim Cook: Yeah, Chris. It’s hard to answer a question about unannounced products. And so I’ll try to not do that. But the four to eight is simply, as I had mentioned, that if you look at the the Shanghai corridor, we have some final assembly plants in this area and almost all of them have restarted is the good news of it, working with local officials. But we’ve planned various ramps for these and that’s the range of four to eight that we’ve estimated. COVID is difficult to predict.
Chris Caso, Raymond James: I wanted to also follow on some of your comments regarding inflation and how Apple is dealing with that. Obviously, component costs have been going up in many different areas. And specifically in the semiconductor side, costs have been going up, but perhaps for some different reasons, because of the additional cost of going up to new process nodes that are higher than it has been in the past. How is Apple planning to deal with that? And is it possible for you to get through that without either raising prices on your products or affecting gross margins?
Tim Cook: Well, some of what you’ve said is in the results for the last quarter that we’ve announced. And obviously, we’ve put our current thinking in the current quarter guidance that Luca listed earlier. There are component costs that are falling and ones that are rising, and so not all of them are moving in the same direction. And so we really try to manage to the net of these. And I think we’re doing a reasonable job currently navigating what is a challenging environment.
David Vogt, UBS: I just want to dig in a little bit on the product disruption, the 4 to 8 billion. In the past, you kind of gave us a sense for how it would affect each of the different product lines, and should we expect it to have similar pro rata impacts? And is there an opportunity to maybe reallocate resources to limit maybe some of the impact on the iPhone line, and then maybe versus the iPad line?
Tim Cook: It’ll affect most of the product categories, and we obviously will look to do any kind of optimization that we can do to minimize the effect on the user.
David Vogt, UBS: You talked about potential COVID related demand issues in China, and taking out 150 basis points from Russia. But when you look at the other geographies, is there anything that you can share with us, whether it’s in Western Europe or the U.S. That you’re seeing from a demand perspective that may be sort of out of the ordinary, or outside of the disruptions and the lack of product, demand seems to be sort of where you would think it would be at this point in the cycle.
Tim Cook: We were happy with the iPhone growth last quarter, particularly when you think about the comp that it was going against, because we had very different timing on the launches in the year-ago quarter where we launched in Q1 and therefore naturally Q2 was at a different place on the new product curve. And so it was a very difficult comp. And so we were pleased with it. And as Luca said, the Americas geography did quite well last quarter and the U.S. of course is the major geography within there. And so the U.S. was quite strong last quarter.
Jim Suva, Citi Group: Tim and your entire company has done a great job at navigating through all the issues the past several years, whether it be COVID, power outages, trade wars, shipping challenges, and all that. When we hopefully someday get past all of these and the supply constraints and society, and turmoil, hopefully across the world, do you start to reconsider the way you do the supply chain? [For example] just in time ordering and outsourcing so much of your chips? Or do you actually consider holding more buffer inventory internally, because right now letting 4 to 8 billion go away, it’d be nice to have that to be able to sell. So do you consider holding more buffer inventory or maybe even doing your own chips by outsourcing your own chips to control them more? How should we think about strategically when hopefully the world’s in a better place from today?
Tim Cook: Well, I’m looking forward to that day as I know all of you are. Our supply chain is truly global and so the products are made everywhere, and we’ll be doing even more here as more chips are produced here. And we continue to look at optimizing. We learn something every every day and make changes. But when you back up and kind of zoom out and look to see how the supply chain has done within the environment that you eloquently talked about, I think it’s been very resilient. The top issue we’ve had clearly is the silicon shortage that I think everybody’s struggling with. And I think we’ve done a really good job of managing through the COVID piece of it. But we are learning and we’re making some changes as we go. We don’t have a tin ear. And so to the degree that we learn something that we should change, you can bet that we’re doing that. In this business, you don’t want to hold a ton of inventory. And so you want to work on cycle times and so forth to do things very quickly and take strategic inventory in, in places where you need to buffer for interruptions and so forth. And so we’re constantly thinking about where those places are. In today’s world, it’s not really possible for us to have buffer on silicon. Today silicon rolls off the fab and it’s into a final assembly plant very, very quickly. And we try to make that as short a time as possible.
Jim Suva, Citi Group: We’ve been talking about supply chain issues for multiple quarters now. Are you hearing from your suppliers that maybe later half of this year, or [is it] actually gonna go into kind of [2023] for some closer equilibrium time period?
Tim Cook: You’re talking about for the silicon shortage in particular, I assume. I don’t want to predict that because that entails knowing how worldwide demand and supply are for industries outside of even the industry we’re in. And I don’t proclaim to be an expert in that. That also heavily is influenced by how strong the economies are in the different markets. And so I think there are varying levels of outcomes and what we’re focused on is trying to do very well, regardless of how that question is answered.
Jim Suva, Citi Group: Thank you, and congratulations to you and your entire team.
Tim Cook: Thanks so much.
Samik Chatterjee, J.P. Morgan: Tim, you talked about the iPhone SE 3 demand, the product that you just launched. I was hoping you could compare what you’re seeing in terms of momentum to previous iPhone SE cycles, particularly, I think in the past North America’s been the largest region in terms of demand. What are you seeing with the current product in terms of demand by geography.
Tim Cook: Yeah, we don’t get to that level of granularity because we view it to be sensitive data that our competitors would love to have. And so I’m gonna punt on answering that question. I would just say that when you zoom out and look at iPhone as a total, we could not be happier with the iPhone 13 family of products and the strength we’ve seen for this cycle. And really it’s those products that have powered the line and given us the overall results that we’ve had on iPhone, which for the first half, the revenues were $120 billion. And we feel very, very good about those results.
Samik Chatterjee, J.P. Morgan: Luca, we are seeing sort of a settling in, in terms of growth rate for the services business on the tough comps that you have. We’re also seeing the gross margins there settling around the 72% range, and I understand there are a lot of moving pieces beneath that, but is this sort of a good range for services longer term or are there sort of moving pieces there that as they scale, there is an opportunity for more upside?
Luca Maestri: Well, we feel really great about the momentum for our services business. I was looking at the absolute numbers here. The run rate of almost 20 billion is essentially double what we had just four years ago. So we’ve done really, really well with services. We have a lot of momentum for a variety of reasons. The first one is the fact that our installed base of active devices continues to grow very nicely. And so that is obviously a big engine for our services business. The second thing is that the level of engagement that we see on our platform continues to grow. We have have more transacting accounts, more paying accounts, more accounts with subscriptions. The absolute amount of paid subscriptions on our platform is pretty impressive. 825 million. It’s an increase of 165 million in the last 12 months alone.
So you can tell that this is great growth. And of course, as you’ve seen over the last few years, we’ve added a lot of new services and we plan to add new services and new features that we believe that our customers will love. And so we think that’s absolute great momentum. The growth rates can change a bit, especially during COVID because we’ve gone through some cycles of lockdowns and then reopenings and so on. And so sometimes the comps can be a bit deceiving. We are looking at it from the lens of continuing to satisfy our customers, adding to the portfolio, improving the quality of the services. And that has served us very well because in the last 12 months, we’ve generated $75 billion of services revenue, and you’ve seen the margins are obviously accretive to company margin.
So we feel good about the services business. I mentioned in my prepared remarks that the growth rate for the June quarter, we expected to be less than the 17% that we’ve reported in March for some of the reasons that I described. Of course foreign exchange is an issue with the dollar being strong at this point. And of course we paused our sales in Russia. So we need to take that into account, but in general, when we look across the board, we set all time records and quarterly records for each one of our categories.
We’ll take our next question from Chris sin with co and company.
Krish Sankar, Cowen: Luca, if I try to read the tea leaves based on June quarter guidance, revenues being impacted kind of implies year over year down revenue. And you also spoke about a four to eight billion dollar supply constraint, which is a large amount compared to the revenue. And I understand you have the supply constraints and the China shutdowns. I’m just kind of curious. Do you think the last three quarters, Apple supply chain had a better buffer inventory of semis that kind of got used up and now you are kind of more tied to whatever the true supply constraints of legacy semis is, or is there something else going on?
Luca Maestri: What has happened obviously during COVID has changed over the quarters. Recently, for example during the March quarter, the constraints that we had were limited to silicon shortages. When we are giving out this range of four to eight, it’s not only silicon, but it’s the restrictions in China that we’re seeing right now. So they are different, there’s additional constraints at this point that we are seeing because of the COVID situation. That is the fundamental difference there.
Krish Sankar, Cowen: With the shutdown, especially in places like China, have you seen actually the App Stores or your services business actually inflect positively, or is it too short a timeframe to make a judgment call on that?
Luca Maestri: Yeah, I think it’s too early to tell. The restrictions in China started very end of March. So it’s very, very early to tell.
Wamsi Mohan, Bank of America: Luca, thanks for the color around the impacts to the revenue guidance. But I was wondering if you expect to grow overall revenue in the June quarter on a year on year basis. And just to be clear on these impacts that you gave, those are on a year on year basis. Can you also tell us how much FX is a headwind, if any, on a quarter on quarter basis and incremental Russia impact quarter on quarter basis and incremental supply chain impact, also on a quarter on quarter basis.
Luca Maestri: As we said, we are not guiding to a specific revenue number, but, just to repeat what I said during the prepared remarks, we are having supply constraints that are caused by the COVID related disruptions and by the silicon shortages. That is what is creating the constraints. We’re expecting it to be in the range of four to eight billion. This is substantially larger than what we’ve had during the March quarter. Again, let me repeat: the COVID related disruptions did not affect the March quarter. So you need to keep that in mind. With respect to foreign exchange, we expect it to be nearly 300 basis points headwind. It was about 200 basis points headwind during the March quarter. For Russia, we said that the impact on a year over year basis is approximately 150 basis points. That reflects the three months of the quarter. We paused sales in Russia at the beginning of March, so it was a partial impact on the March quarter. So obviously on a sequential basis, it’s an incremental factor to keep in mind. I would say on the positive side here is that the demand for both our products and services is solid. Tim has mentioned a number of times, the iPhone 13 family is having a really strong year. When we look at top selling smartphones around the world, we’ve had pretty incredible results during the March quarter, the top six models in the United States are iPhones, the top four in Japan, the top five in Australia, five of the top six in urban China, and so on and so forth. So the iPhone 13 has been truly a global success. And as you know, and as you can tell, even from our website, most of the iPad and Mac models are constrained today. They’ve been constrained for several quarters because the demand is very good for those products. And the services business, as you know, is growing double digits. So that’s what gives us confidence for the June quarter and going forward.
Wamsi Mohan, Bank of America: Tim, you’re in a really enviable place of being pretty far from your net cash neutral objective. At the same time you’re generating a significant amount of cash flow every year. So your capital return strategy has been a extremely successful program in the past, but 90 billion is 3% of your market cap. And on the other hand, there are just a lot of assets that arguably have a lot of synergies with Apple in the healthcare space or the fitness area like Teladoc or Peleton, or Netflix in the content area. Why is this not the right time for apple to look at such assets instead of buying back stock, or maybe do both?
Tim Cook: We’re always looking and we continue to look, but we would only acquire something that was strategic. We acquire a lot of smaller companies today and we’ll continue to do that for IP and for great talent. But we don’t discount doing something larger either if the opportunity presents itself. I don’t want to go through my list with you on the phone, but we’re always looking.
Kyle McNeely, Jeffries: This one’s regarding Mac. Great quarter with those results, by the way. Some exciting products coming out for sure. We’re noticing the lead times are longer for Macs now order today with some available now, but many not shipping till June. Just wanted to get your insight on how much of that you think is driven by the strong March results with the product launch and likely sell out conditions versus just real tightness in the supply chain. And the obvious follow on to that is when do you expect you might catch up and get Mac lead times back within a week?
Tim Cook: Well, we’re working hard. We’ve got lots of customers that we want to get the new Macs to. So we’re working hard on them. They are a result of the combination of the COVID disruptions and the silicon shortage that we’ve talked about before. And, when we might remedy that, we’re not really forecasting when we can be out of the silicon shortage. So that would be a difficult answer. I think the COVID piece of it I hope is a transitory kind of issue. And so I would hope that it would get better over time.
Ben Bollin, Cleveland Research: Luca, I was hoping you could share a little bit of perspective on maybe how much of the services contribution is purely consumer versus enterprise and how you think about the longer term opportunity to monetize the enterprise community. And then Tim, I think Jim Suva had asked a question earlier about some of your strategy. I was curious how strategy might have evolved since everything’s been going on, what changes you might have seen as of late with respect to freight and some of the geographic production footprint and any evolution that has happened as of late.
Luca Maestri: So Ben, on the services side, of course, you know, the vast majority of what we do in services is to final consumers. We do understand and appreciate the fact that the enterprise is a great opportunity for us. Very recently, for example, we launched a new subscription service here in the United States, which we call Apple Business Essentials, where essentially we provide support to small and medium size businesses in terms of 24/7 support, device management, for small business owners, which we think small companies will value and appreciate. Obviously we sell AppleCare to enterprises already today, but we know, enterprise in general, as a market is a very interesting market for us. And we’re putting a lot of effort and focus on it and we believe we have really good opportunities to grow.
Tim Cook: Ben you brought up freight. Freight is a huge challenge today, both from an inflationary point of view and from an availability point of view. And so right now the focus is on moving the freight to customers any way that we can do that. Over time, we’ll do that much more efficiently. And I would hope that the fundamental rates reset some, and I’m talking about both ocean and air. Both of them have come under some significant inflationary pressure partly due to COVID, and some other reasons as well, I would guess. And in terms of geo production, we are constantly making tweaks here and there. I don’t want to go into the details of those because we view it as to be sensitive kind of information, but we’re constantly making moves to optimize in the current environment.
